In order to compare the effect of commercial formulations of insecticides on the control of Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm, a field experiment was conducted in Hashemabad cotton research station Golestan province on 2018 year. This experiment was used in the form of a randomized complete block design with 9 treatments and 4 replications including 9 formulations of perfenofos from different companies along with the control on the cotton plant as spraying application.Sampling of larvae mortality statistics were determined 3, 7 and 14 days after spraying application and corrected according to Henderson-Tilton formula and analyzed by SAS software. Mean treatments were also compared with Duncan's multiple range test. According to the results of comparing the average in the Golestan province showed that in 3 days after spraying Profenofos, Rahandish Kavan Company with 65.7% and Shimy Keshavarz Company with 65.2% had the most impact. Percentage of the effect of Profenofos toxin in 7 days after spraying the formulation of Raha Andish Kavan Company with 81.9% and Profenofos Chemist Keshavarz with 81.2%, the highest percentage of effect in group a, and Profenofos of Raja Shimy Company with 77.5 % and Kimia Bahar with 70.5% were in the next group.

Date kernel powder is one of the waste products of the agricultural sector and food industry, which, after processing, can be used as a functional additive to constitute part of human and animal food. Date kernel powder contains significant amounts of dietary fiber, a component which has an important role in disease prevention. Because Iran is one of the major producers of dates in the world and because of the nutritional value of date kernel, its use as a byproduct of the date industry in human and animal nutrition has attracted much attention. Phenols are beneficial compounds in the date kernel that usually show high antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to determine nutritional values and amounts of functional compounds in cake enriched with date kernel powder and to investigate changes in some important physicochemical properties of the new product and its acceptability by consumers. Date kernel powder in amounts of 5% and 10% was added to sponge cake formulation and compared with the control sample in terms of texture (hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, flexibility, elasticity, and chewiness), antioxidant properties (total phenol content and DPPH free radical scavenging), drainage rate, as well as mineral salts, protein, fat, and fiber content and sensory evaluation. The results showed that different levels of date kernel powder have a significant effect on the level of gumminess, hardness, and cohesiveness. The amount of total phenol, and consequently the percentage of free radical scavenging, as well as minerals, protein, and fiber content, increased with the increase in the amount of date pit powder in the sponge cake. The results of the tests showed that 10% date kernel powder in sponge cake has the highest level of overall acceptability in terms of sensory evaluation. It is concluded that date kernel powder has high amounts of fiber, protein, and minerals content, as well as a high level of antioxidant activity, and has a good potential as a valuable and economical food ingredient to be used in food products and can be used in food formulations and also as a functional food.

Afghanistan's relations with Iran have a special place and importance in terms of regional relations. Iran is one of the powerful and influential countries in the political and economic equations of the region and the world, which is Afghanistan's western neighbor due to its long border and many religious commonalities. , Has good cultural and linguistic relations with Afghanistan. Iran-Afghanistan relations have been based on many commonalities in history, culture and religion. During the Pahlavi regime, there was relative peace between the two countries and the rulers of the two countries had cordial relations with each other. The relations between Iran and Afghanistan during the reign of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi should be examined in the context of the situation in Iran at that time. After Dr. Mossadegh announced a policy of negative balance and his slogan was independence from the superpowers, the global atmosphere demanded that countries with moderate power be linked to one of the power blocs. The same policy of Dr. Mossadegh led to the coup d'etat against him in August 1932, and finally Dr. Mossadegh came down from power. It was after the fall of Dr. Mossadegh that the then Iranian government chose the option of allying with the Western bloc and entered pro-Western countries. With Iran's entry into the Baghdad Security Treaty (Sento), it turned to an alliance with the West.

Bollworm Helicoverpa armigera one of the most important pests of cotton is that in some cotton fields, feeding on buds, flowers and bolls, it causes little damage to cotton. The most important method for pest control is the use of chemical methods. Approximately 30% of the insecticides used worldwide were against H. armigera. In order to compare the effect of commercial formulations of insecticide companies on the control of cotton bollworm, a field experiment was conducted in Hashemabad cotton research station Golestan province on 2019 year. This experiment was used in the form of a randomized complete block design with 10 treatments and 4 replications including 10 formulations of profenofos from different companies along with the control on the cotton plant as spraying application. Sampling of larvae mortality statistics were determined 3, 7 and 14 days after spraying application and corrected according to Henderson-Tilton formula and analyzed by SAS software. Mean treatments were also compared with Duncan's multiple range tests. According to the results of comparing the average in the Golestan province showed that in 3 days after spraying the profenofos formulation of Arman Sabz and Alborz Behsam companies with 76.7 and 71.5% had the greatest effect. Profenofos formulations of Razi Shimi Khoram Company and javaneh Rooyesh with 48.2 and 42% had the least effect. Percentage of effect of Profenofos poison formulation of other companies in 7 days after spraying the formulation of Sabzavaran and Bazargan Pars companies with 83.2 and 81.5% had the highest effect and were in group a. The formulations of Partov Naz , Arman Sabz and Glia Shimi companies with 79, 78.5 and 78% impact were in group b. The formulation of Razi Shimi Khoram company with 47.5% had the lowest impact and was placed in group c. Therefore, we recommended the formulation of profenofos Sabzavaran and Bazargan Pars companies with no significant adverse for controlling of cotton bollworn for the next year.